Quantum vortices on camera: visualisation of vortex structures in superfluid helium

This is an introductory talk, in which I reviewed recent works on visualising vortex structures in superfluid helium. I explained how we cool helium to near absolute zero to enter its superfluid state and employ specialised techniques like trapping hydrogen snowflakes on vortex cores to make these invisible structures visible. I then showed how visualisation helps us study the dynamics of superfluid flows from chaotic quantum turbulence to the perfect hexagonal lattices occurring in rotating helium. 

I gave this talk at the workshop Vortex motion from laboratory to the stars in April 2026 in Warsaw, Poland. The event was organised by the EU COST action SCALES.